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Active Sync 4.5 Error: Synchronization cannot be completed successfully

Q:
My HTC touch was synchronizing ok, until one day that I started getting the error: "Synchronization cannot be completed successfully. Reconnect your device and try again. If the problem persists, see the Microsoft ActiveSync Troubleshooter in Microsoft ActiveSync Help on your desktop computer."
The 'Explore' button through ActiveSync works Ok. It just won't synchronize.

In the PDA, in the file \Windows\ActiveSync\CtrlLog.txt
I see the following error:

2009-09-18 09:49:58 SendStatus SyncBegin, hr=0x0
2009-09-18 09:49:58 EngineBegin desktop {3BC9418F-7C0D-43D3-81FC-2150592FBF36}
2009-09-18 09:49:58 ConnInfo Failed (0x80004005)
2009-09-18 09:50:00 EngineEnd hr=0x0
2009-09-18 09:50:01 SyncEnd
2009-09-18 09:50:01 AutdMode old=65536, new=65536, hr=0x0
2009-09-18 09:50:01 Scheduled 2009-09-18 09:55:01, handle=0x390000ed, hr=0x0
2009-09-18 09:50:02 SendStatus SyncEnd, hr=0x0
2009-09-18 09:50:02 KeepAwake Off
2009-09-18 09:50:02 AppWndProc WM_SYNC_PAUSE
2009-09-18 09:50:03 AppWndProc WM_SYNC_RESUME
2009-09-18 09:55:01 KeepAwake On
2009-09-18 09:55:01 SyncBegin
2009-09-18 09:55:02 SendStatus SyncBegin, hr=0x0
2009-09-18 09:55:02 EngineBegin desktop {3BC9418F-7C0D-43D3-81FC-2150592FBF36}
2009-09-18 09:55:02 ConnInfo Failed (0x80004005)
2009-09-18 09:55:04 EngineEnd hr=0x0
2009-09-18 09:55:05 SyncEnd

Comments

Check if the Repl.dat File Is Missing

From Microsoft:
ActiveSync Generates a "Synchronization Error" Error Message if the Repl.dat File Is Missing.
When you receive this error message, ActiveSync indicates that your mobile device is connected, but you may be unable to obtain access to the device. The synchronization status displays a "Synchronization Error", while the Synchronization Status icon is green with a red exclamation point. When you encounter this issue, you are unable to complete the synchronization process.

http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;281598

Change the advanced network functionality setting

Do you have "advanced network functionality" (Start>settings>USB to PC) enabled or disabled?
Try another active sync with this setting OFF

Try other USB ports and a different cable

Did you try different USB ports on that machine ? Some ports that are connected to the internal USB hub might have problems delivering power instead of the onboard USB ports. You cannot see the difference from the outside, you should try a couple of them to see the difference. Mostly the ones on the back are the onboard ones.
(tip from Microsoft support site)

Delete the partnership

If you delete and recreate the partnership, this will be probably fix the problem. But it could happen again. I wonder why microsoft cannot provide a stable solution or at least a fix to this simple computer task. (How difficult can it be to synchronize data between two computers that both run software from the same company?)